Improvement in brick-kilns



2 Sh'eeis--Sheet 1.

A. W. DUTY. Brick-Kilws.

N0 l5() 232, Pa.tented-April28,1874.

-Sheet 2.

2 Sheets- Aqw. DUTY.

Brick-kilns- Patented April 28, 1874.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREIV IV. DUTY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-KILNS.

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 150,232, dated April 28, 1874; application filed March 24, 1874.

` To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW IV. DUTY, of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and Improved Brick-Kiln, of which the following is a full and complete description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings making part of this specification.

Figure l is a plan View of the bed or ground of the kiln. Fig. 2 is a front view. Fig. 3 is a side view. Fig. 4 is an end view.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several views. v

The nature of this invention relates to the hearth or ground-work of a brick-kiln; and the object of said invention is, first, to economize in the consumption of fuel wherewith the bricks are burned; and, secondly, to cause a general and equal diifusion of heat throughout the entire mass of brick forming the kiln, from which results a saving of bricks, there being a less number lost by o\*erburning, and by not being sufficiently burned, than when burned in the ordinary way.

Of the construction and operation of the above specified brick-kiln, the following is a detailed and full description:

In the drawing, A represents the hearth or groundwork of the kiln, the surface of which is formed into a series of parallel channels or nues, B, Fig. 1, which may be more or less in number, according to the size of the kiln. Transversely under the iiues B are arranged iiues D E F, Fig. 3, which have communication with the flnes B bythe openings a, Fig. l. Each of said openings a should be provided with a damper, as are the openings'a, of

which b are the dampers. G is a furnace, constructed in the ordinary way, with grates and ash-pit, but which, however, has no chimneystack. The iiues D E F are made to serve in that capacity, they being put in communication therewith by their continuation to the furnace, as indicated by dotted lines c, Fig. l. The sides H I J represent the sides or walls of the kiln, which are built up after the stack of green bricks is completed for burning, forming around them a casing common to all brickkilns. Three walls or sides only are shown; the fourth is omitted in order to show the ground-work, which ground-work or hearth may be extended to any desirable length. On the hearth or ground-work is built the pile or stack of green bricks. The arches for the lire are built over the ilues B, which form therewith the bed of the fire-arches, of which O are the outside openings or doors, made inthe side of the walls, similar to such as are made in the ordinary brick-kiln.

The kiln being completed and inclosed by the casing or walls H I J, the preliminary drying of the bricks is done by the furnace, from which the heat, smoke, and gases are forced into the kiln by a blower, which, when accomplished, the fire is kindled in the arches, the doors of which are closed, and thekdraft necessary to support the combustion of the fuel is furnished by the furnace, froln which the heat, smoke, and gases are driven into the kiln by a blower, referred to, through the.'

transverse lines D E F, thence into the arches through the openings a, thereby supplying the arches or fire-places with a hot blast instead of a cold draft from the outside through the doors O, which remain closed, and are opened only for the purpose of throwing in fresh fuel..

The hot blast thus blown into the fire-arches enters from below, thereby driving the heat directly upward with the kiln, and diffusing it throughout in strong currents. This isnot the result when the draft for feeding the fire is admitted through the doorways O in the ordinary way, for the tendency of such draft is not only to deaden the lire, but it forces the heat toward the center of the-kiln, leaving the sides at a much lower temperature.

In consequence of the greater heat at the center of the kiln, the bricks become burnt much sooner there than at the sides, and if the heat is not reduced by lowering the fires, the bricks in that part of the kiln become warped and cracked by the excessive heat, hence the process of burning is delayed and attended by a waste of fuel, for the reason that the central portion of the kiln may be sufficiently burned, whereas, the sides may not be; nevertheless, lire must be continued in order to burn the side bricks.

By the use of the dampers e b, the blast from the furnace can be directed to any part of the kiln, or shut off therefrom, more or less, as may be desired 5 hence the heat may bediscontinued at any one part of the kiln, if not simple character, made 011 building up the required there, and directed to any other part, in order to burn sufciently the bricks in such part. In this Way there is a saving of fuel, and a less waste of bricks by overburning them in the old process of burning, without the hot blast. The burning is also accomplished in less time and with less watchful care than in the ordinary Way.

The openings t are prevented from being filled, or obstructed by coals and ashes, by having built over them a guard or cap of a arches.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Datent, is

The hearth A, parallel flues' B, and transverse fines D E F, in combination with blastfurnace G, dampers b e, doorways C, openings a a', and Walls H I J, constructed and arranged as and for the purpose specified.

Witnesses: ANDREW W. DUTY.

J. II. BURRIDGE, A. F. CORNELL. 

